Title Of Paper CASE Tools Essays - Product Development

Title of Paper : CASE tools Grade Received on Report : 95% CASE Tools What are CASE Tools ? Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools provide automated support for many of the systems analysis and design methods available to the information systems developer. CASE tools provide an environment which automates many time-consuming aspects of the systems development process, including: drawing and redrawing diagrams cross checking usage of elements across the system model generation of system documentation generation of code structures and database schemas What are the benefits of CASE tools? Less effort spent on document administration, such as redrafting diagrams increased quality from extensive cross checking provided in CASE tools subsequent potential for reduction in end-to-end system development time automated system documentation generation . History on CASE Tools Since the early days of writing software, there has been an awareness of the need for automated tools to help the software developer. Initially the concentration was on program support tools such as translators, compilers, assemblers, macro processors, and linkers and loaders. However, as computers became more powerful and the software that ran on them grew larger and more complex, the range of support tools began to expand. In particular, the use of interactive time-sharing systems for software development encouraged the development of program editors, debuggers, code analyzers, and program- pretty printers. As computers became more reliable and in greater use, the need for a broader notion of software development became apparent. Software development came to be viewed as: ?A large-scale activity involving significant effort to establish requirements, design an appropriate solution, implement that solution, test the solution's correctness, and document the functionality of the final system. ?A long-term process producing software that requires enhancement through out its lifetime. The implications of this are that the structure of the software must enable new functionality to be added easily, and detailed records of the requirements, design, implementation, and testing of the system must be kept to aid maintainers of the software. In addition, multiple versions of all artifacts produced during a project must be maintained to facilitate group development of software systems. ?A group activity involving interaction among a number of people during each stage of its life. Groups of people must be able to cooperate, in a controlled manner, and have consistent views of the state of the project. CASE Tools Environment: The first generation of CASE tool developers concentrated to a large extent on the automation of isolated tasks such as document production, version control of source code, and design method support. While successes have been achieved in supporting such specific tasks, the need for these `islands of automation' to be connected has been clearly recognized by many first generation CASE tool users. For example, a typical development scenario requires that designs be closely related to their resultant source code, that they be consistently described in a set of documentation, and that all of these artifacts be under centralized version control. The tools that support the individual tasks of design, coding, documentation, and version control must be integrated if they are to support this kind of scenario effectively. A CASE environment is a collection of CASE tools and other components together with an integration approach that supports most or all of the interactions that occur among the environment components, and between the users of the environment and the environment itself.

Free Essays on Chicano

I attended a lecture on the Chicano movement given by Jose Angel Gutierrez, an active member from the Chicano movement from the 1960s. The lecture was mostly of his books and the content of them and what events led to the writing of the books. Jose Angel Gutierrez was a key activist in the Chicano movement which became a popular uprising for the Mexican population in the United States. In areas like the Southwest, the Los Angeles area, and the Midwest, many groups were formed as a result of people such as Gutierrez, who came out of Cristal, Texas, and other parts of the Southwest. Representatives of the Raza Unida party sent representatives to different parts of the country to persuade others to join the movement and unite Mexicans who united and called themselves Chicanos. They consisted of a group of people of all ages who wanted political, civil, and educational rights to change because of unfair circumstances. In Gutierrez’s situation, he was one of the key activists in the Raza Unida party and used his life and its occurrences as material which would cause controversy in different aspects in his life. The most popular of his books, The Gringo Manual, was a book that was not allowed across the Mexican-U.S. border by the border patrol because of its controversial, anti-white content. He eventually got them across the border and had them delivered to his home. They were sold and distributed in the U.S. and they later came back to haunt him. During his process of getting his Docotorate, as his dissertation he used the material from his book and was then rejected for using anti-white content and for having no resources for his life experiences in which tells about. He ended his session by giving some figures on some anticipated Latino populations for the future which predicts Latinos to be the biggest group by 2030.... Free Essays on Chicano Free Essays on Chicano I attended a lecture on the Chicano movement given by Jose Angel Gutierrez, an active member from the Chicano movement from the 1960s. The lecture was mostly of his books and the content of them and what events led to the writing of the books. Jose Angel Gutierrez was a key activist in the Chicano movement which became a popular uprising for the Mexican population in the United States. In areas like the Southwest, the Los Angeles area, and the Midwest, many groups were formed as a result of people such as Gutierrez, who came out of Cristal, Texas, and other parts of the Southwest. Representatives of the Raza Unida party sent representatives to different parts of the country to persuade others to join the movement and unite Mexicans who united and called themselves Chicanos. They consisted of a group of people of all ages who wanted political, civil, and educational rights to change because of unfair circumstances. In Gutierrez’s situation, he was one of the key activists in the Raza Unida party and used his life and its occurrences as material which would cause controversy in different aspects in his life. The most popular of his books, The Gringo Manual, was a book that was not allowed across the Mexican-U.S. border by the border patrol because of its controversial, anti-white content. He eventually got them across the border and had them delivered to his home. They were sold and distributed in the U.S. and they later came back to haunt him. During his process of getting his Docotorate, as his dissertation he used the material from his book and was then rejected for using anti-white content and for having no resources for his life experiences in which tells about. He ended his session by giving some figures on some anticipated Latino populations for the future which predicts Latinos to be the biggest group by 2030....

Amy Chua

Amy Chua, from the very beginning dives into her thesis, which she argues from the introduction continued all through part one of â€Å" Day of Empire† and without a doubt, throughout the entire book. Chua’s clear, distinctive thesis can be condensed into two main points. To begin with, she explains how for every society that has been allowed to be called a hyperpower have been – at the time, considered to be â€Å"tolerant†. In every instance to achieve supremacy, every hyperpower had to enclose a certain quantity of tolerance, the extent of freedom that an individual has to prosper in all aspects of their life, ranging from religious, cultural, linguistic, to conversing with people of different upbringings. Tolerance is suggested as the prerequisite for global domination. However, conversely she also indicates that intolerance has been shown as the reason for the downfall of a hyperpower or a result of the demise. The second concept she introduces in her thesis is the idea of a great nation to become a hyperpower, they must have â€Å"glue† that binds, and embraces them together. Critics argue that modern America is in the first stages of losing its identity, with nonchalant laws of immigration, granting just about every immigrant into the states. Chua acknowledges to some degree that, hyperpowers that have fallen as a causality of lost identity, however this reverts back to her first notion. When the population succumbs to disjunction, it’s most likely the repercussion of intolerance within the nation. In the case on point, America’s â€Å"glue† problem lies outside of its borders. America is seen across the world as an icon, however it does nothing to enforce its image or bring together the other nations that follow in its footsteps. Amy Chua’s thesis from the get-go helps to depict the tone, and attitude of the rest of this novel.

Geography and Climate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Geography and Climate - Essay Example Colder areas also have lesser rainfall compared to warmer regions because warm air can hold more moisture than cold air (NASA 2). The climograph for Calgary shows a minimum rainfall in January of about 0.75 inches whereas the minimum rainfall recorded in Santa Fe is approximately 1.25 inches throughout the year. Latitude also causes places to have differences in their temperature ranges. Low latitude areas have smaller temperature ranges compared to high altitude areas. Temperature can range in Calgary from -22o F to 61o F, a range of 83o F, whereas Santa Fe has a smaller annual range, i.e. 72 o F, ranging from 14 o F in winters to 86 o F in summers. Continentality refers to the degree to which a place is affected by thermal variation and moisture. It gives rise to a climate which shows large diurnal and annual temperatures (Oliver 303). Both Santa Fe and Calgary have a semi-arid continental climate. As a result, the climate is relatively dryer than that in coastal areas. The moisture content in the air is also lower, and therefore evaporation does not produce significant quantities of moisture as seen in coastal areas. This causes the amount of precipitation in Calgary and Santa Fe to be lesser than coastal areas. Also, another effect of continentality on weather is that areas experience very wide temperature ranges. There is a grater range of minimum and maximum temperatures in both Calgary and Santa Fe both daily and through out the year as well. Winters in Calgary are more variable as compared to Santa Fe and whereas the summers are short. Average temperature can fall as low as 14 o F in January and can be as high as 61.5 o F in July (â€Å"CalgaryIint’l, Alta., Canada†). On the other hand, average daily temperature in January in Santa Fe is 40.0 ° F and in July, its 91.0 ° F, showing lesser variations than Calgary. Annual precipitation in Calgary is 16.23 inch, whereas that in Santa Fe is 14 inches. Elevation refers to the

Minimum Wage and Living Wage in New Zealand Essay

Minimum Wage and Living Wage in New Zealand - Essay Example The minimum wage law dictates the amount of cash that a worker is to earn, in a particular hour of work. The minimum wage should not be surpassed by the employer, as it is stated in the rights of the workers. However, there have been emergent issues on making the livelihood of the workers better. The issue of introducing the living wage to workers is debatable in such a country, when there is focus on the living standards. The question is; should New Zealand raise the minimum wage of workers to the living wage of families? In this question, there are some people for the issue of introducing the living wage, whilst some of the people in the country have their issues with the law. Therefore, expounding on this issue would be appropriate in coming up with better decisions. This qualitative study will involve holding a semi-structured interview with a relevant party. The secretary general of Amalgamated Workers Union New Zealand will be interviewed at a time appropriate for them. A set o f open-end questions will be asked relating to the living and minimum wages for workers. The study is important considering that both workers and employers are faced by constraints that need to be dealt with. The study will be useful in helping policy makers make considerations of various factors for the good of workers, employers, and the economy. Minimum Wage and Living Wage in New Zealand Introduction New Zealand is the country that has been struggling to make a positive impact in regard to its economic performance (International Energy Agency, 2011). It is an admissible fact that the most outstanding structure in making an improvement in its performance is by focusing on the employment levels and payment to workers. When a country has a high employment level, it is endowed with maximum labor. With such amassed labor, the country will be in a point of making a positive economic performance. This is due to the established production that will come from the labor intensity. In actu al sense, a country initiates making greater employment for its citizens in order to make a plausible performance. In recent economic times, countries have been struggling to ensure their population is employed, with a decent work and pay. However, this is dependent on a number of factors. These factors make it hard for a country to make full employment of the population, and give decent work. These factors include capital intensity, production, ability to pay the workers and the growth rate of the economy. When the above factors are considered at acceptable standards, the country will have a positive encounter when it comes to employment. 1. An overview of the subject The topic Though employment is the main factor in this research, the minimum wage is a solid factor to consider. This is heightened by the fact that all people in the world need a decent work for their living. Decent work denotes a person being contented with the working conditions, the wages and returns from other jo bs. Wage is defined as the reward given to workers, after offering their services. The wages given is remuneration for the workers, depending on the work and services they have offered. Therefore, the workers will be given their wages according to the work they have offered, depending on some other factors. Theses factor include experience, education level, merit and entry level. This shows the reason why many people may be in the same

Where Is Sony Vulnerable Essay Example for Free

Where Is Sony Vulnerable Essay Sony started as a radio repair shop, founded by Masuru Ikura and Akio Morita after World War II. The company began its long history of producing compact consumer electronics in 1957, when it introduced the world’s first pocket-sized all-transistor radio. The company’s name, Sony, was taken from sonus, the Latin word for â€Å"sound.† Sony went on to invent a series of transistor-based TVs and increasingly smaller audiocassette recorders. In 1979, the Sony Walkman introduced the world to a new, portable way of listening to music. Sony became a world leader in consumer electronics and was the first Japanese company to have its shares traded on the New York Stock Exchange. In the late 1980s, Sony began expanding into media, purchasing a U.S. record company (CBS Records for $22 billion in 1988) and a major Hollywood studio (Columbia Pictures for $4.9 billion in 1989). The purchases made Sony a major force in the entertainment industry. The importance of marketing at Sony started with Akio Morita, who said that for a company to be successful, it must have three kinds of creativity: creativity to make inventions, creativity in product planning and production, and creativity in marketing. Creativity in marketing at Sony means not just clever ads, but deep insight into its customers. For example, Sony knows its PlayStation customers like to find clues and to decode things. So Sony’s ads for PlayStation 2, like â€Å"Signs,† feature a young man walking the streets of a city where he encounters various signs foreshadowing the events. Mannequins appear in a store window, arms outstretched, and point enigmatically to something that’s about to happen. â€Å"The lead character is almost in the midst of his own role-playing game. He needs to follow clues to save the heroine,† said Andrew House, Sony’s executive vice president of marketing. In the ads, â€Å"we were essentially trying to tap into a range of emotions that we think we deliver in the games—intrigue, foreboding, excitement, panic, relief and achievement at the end.† Sony’s marketing also includes careful measurement of each campaign’s effectiveness. Fo r example, Sony runs 30-second commercials for its PlayStation as part of the previews in more than 1,800 theaters and on 8,000 movie screens. The ads appear before such films as â€Å"The Cat in the Hat.† Sony Computer Entertainment America has been running movie ads for six years. â€Å"Cinema advertising has been very effective for us,† said Ami Blaire, director of product marketing. â€Å"The reason why we have committed to cinema every year is the tremendous unaided recall shown by our own research and Communicus commissioned ad tracking.† Another example of measurement is Sony’s GenY youth marketing efforts. â€Å"The online program promoting the NetMD, ATRAC CD Walkman and Cybershot U30 ran July 1 through September 30 2003, and we found that more than 70 percent of the clickthroughs were spurred by rich media ads via Eyeblaster, versus static banners,† said Serge Del Grosso, Director of Media and Internet Strategy, Sony Electronics. In fact, Sony has even developed a direct-marketing solution which it sells to other companies who want to measure marketing effectiveness. The product, called eBridge[TM], allows marketers to use video, measure the effectiveness of the campaign, and gain insight into the target audience, all in one package. Sony expects that the next big breakthrough will not come from a single new electronic device. Rather, Sony president Kunitake Ando says that the future lies in making a whole range of devices more useful by linking them in a networked home-entertainment system. The company believes that its clout in consumer electronics, combined with its media content, will allow it to steer that convergence in a way that suits it. Whether the future of convergence resides in TVs or PCs or devices, $62-billion Sony makes every one of them—with a strong brand name that gives them an extra push off retail shelves around the world. Discussion Questions 1.What have been the key success factors for Sony? 2.Where is Sony vulnerable? 3.What should it watch out for? 4.What recommendations would you make to senior marketing executives going forward? 5.What should they be sure to do with its marketing? SONY Sony started as a radio repair shop, founded by Masuru Ikura and Akio Morita after World War II. The company began its long history of producing compact consumer electronics in 1957, when it introduced the world’s first pocket-sized all-transistor radio. The company’s name, Sony, was taken from sonus, the Latin word for â€Å"sound.† Sony went on to invent a series of transistor-based TVs and increasingly smaller audiocassette recorders. In 1979, the Sony Walkman introduced the world to a new, portable way of listening to music. Sony became a world leader in consumer electronics and was the first Japanese company to have its shares traded on the New York Stock Exchange. In the late 1980s, Sony began expanding into media, purchasing a U.S. record company (CBS Records for $22 billion in 1988) and a major Hollywood studio (Columbia Pictures for $4.9 billion in 1989). The purchases made Sony a major force in the entertainment industry. The importance of marketing at Sony started with Akio Morita, who said that for a company to be successful, it must have three kinds of creativity: creativity to make inventions, creativity in product planning and production, and creativity in marketing. Creativity in marketing at Sony means not just clever ads, but deep insight into its customers. For example, Sony knows its PlayStation customers like to find clues and to decode things. So Sony’s ads for PlayStation 2, like â€Å"Signs,† feature a young man walking the streets of a city where he encounters various signs foreshadowing the events. Mannequins appear in a store window, arms outstretched, and point enigmatically to something that’s about to happen. â€Å"The lead character is almost in the midst of his own role-playing game. He needs to follow clues to save the heroine,† said Andrew House, Sony’s executive vice president of marketing. In the ads, â€Å"we were essentially trying to tap into a range of emotions that we think we deliver in the games—intrigue, foreboding, excitement, panic, relief and achievement at the end.† Sony’s marketing also includes careful measurement of each campaign’s effectiveness. Fo r example, Sony runs 30-second commercials for its PlayStation as part of the previews in more than 1,800 theaters and on 8,000 movie screens. The ads appear before such films as â€Å"The Cat in the Hat.† Sony Computer Entertainment America has been running movie ads for six years. â€Å"Cinema advertising has been very effective for us,† said Ami Blaire, director of product marketing. â€Å"The reason why we have committed to cinema every year is the tremendous unaided recall shown by our own research and Communicus commissioned ad tracking.† Another example of measurement is Sony’s GenY youth marketing efforts. â€Å"The online program promoting the NetMD, ATRAC CD Walkman and Cybershot U30 ran July 1 through September 30 2003, and we found that more than 70 percent of the clickthroughs were spurred by rich media ads via Eyeblaster, versus static banners,† said Serge Del Grosso, Director of Media and Internet Strategy, Sony Electronics. In fact, Sony has even developed a direct-marketing solution which it sells to other companies who want to measure marketing effectiveness. The product, called eBridge[TM], allows marketers to use video, measure the effectiveness of the campaign, and gain insight into the target audience, all in one package. Sony expects that the next big breakthrough will not come from a single new electronic device. Rather, Sony president Kunitake Ando says that the future lies in making a whole range of devices more useful by linking them in a networked home-entertainment system. The company believes that its clout in consumer electronics, combined with its media content, will allow it to steer that convergence in a way that suits it. Whether the future of convergence resides in TVs or PCs or devices, $62-billion Sony makes every one of them—with a strong brand name that gives them an extra push off retail shelves around the world. Discussion Questions 1.What have been the key success factors for Sony? 2.Where is Sony vulnerable? 3.What should it watch out for? 4.What recommendations would you make to senior marketing executives going forward? 5.What should they be sure to do with its marketing?

The Road Not Taken Essay examples -- Literary Analysis, Robert Frost

Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken† has touched the hearts of people all over America and has rightfully earned its place in the American literary canon. Written in 1916 by one of the greatest poets in American history; Robert Frost uses an unique metrical form that brings nature to life and a gives the reader a firm understanding of the rural lifestyle. Inspired by his friend Edward Thomas, Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken† pits a man against two paths for which a difficult choice must be made. After that man makes his choice he tells the reader â€Å"Two roads diverged in a wood, and I— I took the one less traveled by, and that has made all the difference† (Frost). The man does not reveal whether he made the right choice; all he tells the reader is that his choice made a significant impact on his life. For decades, various literary critics have analyzed this piece of writing trying to uncover its true meaning. Many scholars hav e found this piece to be a truly inspirational work while others have pictured it nothing more than an ironic tale of right and wrong. Alexander Meiklejohn is one scholar who used Robert Frost’s poem to teach others about making the right choices. Katherine Kearns, on the other hand, feels that the poem does not live up to its popularity. The viewpoints and criticisms regarding this unique piece of literature stretch far and wide, proving that Robert Frost’s poem has intrigued readers for decades. A large volume of criticisms have emerged that offer new perspectives for readers to explore as they continue to read â€Å"The Road Not Taken† for decades to come. Alexander Meiklejohn found Frost’s poem to be a truly inspirational work. Meiklejohn was a philosopher and well-educated teacher. His views on life refl... ...terpretations of the story will vary. Robert Faggen takes this criticism a step further and relates the poem to Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution and how species evolved by making difficult choices through their existence. Karen Kearns represents those critics who do not feel strongly about Robert Frost’s poem. Though many critics can agree Robert Frost’s poem illustrates various levels of irony; Kearns finds it ironic that â€Å"The Road not Taken†, a mediocre poem at best, is being regarded as one of the most popular poems in the American literary canon. The criticisms for this poem will never end as long as people continue to make difficult choices in their lives. After reading the â€Å"The Road not Taken,† one can form their own criticisms about what path is right for them; whether it means taking the road bent in the undergrowth or embarking on the road not taken.

A Son of the Forest and Other Writings by William Apess, a Pequot

A Son of the Forest and Other Writings is writings of William Apess, a 19th century Native American.   He was the first Native American to write extensively in the English language.Aside from culling from his first published autobiography, A Son of the Forest (1829),   Ã‚  Ã‚  this volume also contains other autobiographical works like â€Å"The Experiences of Five Christian Indians of the Pequot Tribe† (1832) and his â€Å"Eulogy on King Philip† (1836).In A Son of the Forest he narrates about being born in a tent in the woods of Colrain, Massachussetts, to a Pequot mother and a mixed blood (white and Pequot) father who later separated.   He describes his participation in the War of 1812 between the United States and Britain (after he ran away from indenture servitude) and his conversion to Methodism.He also talks about how his grandfather was a white man who married the granddaughter of King Philip.   He shares how he was abused by his alcoholic grandparents an d eventually sold as an indenture slave while he was very young. His master introduced him to Christianity and allowed him to go to school.   This part was the most influential phase of his life.   He became a preacher in 1833 and moved to Mashpee, the last Indian town in Massachusetts.Here he was able to experience first hand the incompatibility of his Christian faith and the racial prejudice and injustice the whites have done towards the natives. These became the recurring themes of his writings.   In his famous Eulogy on King Philip in Boston in 1836 he strongly forwarded the idea that Indians wanted what the Pilgrims wanted: justice and Christian fellowship.This gripping volume is a subtle political work of Apess of the Pequot Indian people. He articulated Native American consciousness and sentiments through his fiery Christian evangelism.   His topics range from poverty, child abuse, alcoholism (which he himself became one later in life), ethnic identity and religious c onversion.This volume is historically significant because it speaks and argues about racism during the early period of the republic.   Apess chronicled the abuses and injustices suffered by the Indians in the hands of the whites and those acting in God’s name.   Methodism appealed to Native Americans then because of its enthusiastic style and its emphasis on equality.   The work gives an alternative view of the often-written Native American marginalization and rationalization of Indian extinction.The work describes the character of the Native Americans first-hand by one of their own. His most powerful polemic is Eulogy on King Philip where Apess compared the seventeenth-century Wampanoag leader, Metacomet or â€Å"King Philip† to the English, to the republic’s early national hero and founding father, George Washington.He lectures about the relations of Native Americans with the whites in New England. Apess further argues that the Native American cause shou ld not be isolated from American history because Indian history and culture is part thereof.   Their cause is likened to the American Revolution.Published in 1830, A Son of the Forest implicitly challenges the national controversy of the times over the Indian Removal Bill which legalized the federal government’s decision to force Native Americans off their traditional homelands east of the Mississippi River.   Here he promotes the Indians’ humanity, worth, and potential with his life as an example.ReferencesO’Conell, B. (Ed.) (1997). A Son of the Forest and Other Writings by William Apess, a Pequot. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.  

Classic Airlines and Marketing Essay

Classic Airlines in an airline company that has been in business for over 25 years and has gained great success within the airline industry. In the 25 years since its creation the company has grown to over 32,000 employees and has generated 10 billion dollars worth of business. Although the company has seen great success, it also is subjected to the many challenges that other airlines companies face in today’s market. Classic airlines must be able to market its product so that customers will pick there product over competitors within the industry (University of Phoenix, 2012). There are several marketing concepts that Classic airlines have applied and are using in their business. The first marketing concept that Classic airlines use is the needs, wants, and demands concept. This concept is applied by understanding the needs, wants, and demands of the customer. The way Classic airlines have done this is create a rewards program for the customer. This feels the need for a customer to get something for a reduced price. If the customer has enough miles they can upgrade to first class or stay at a Classic airlines hotel partner for a free night (Kotler & Keller, 2006). The second concept that Classic airlines have applied to their business strategy is offering and brands. This concept is applied by a firm by offering benefits to a customer that fills needs and using brands that are a known commodity. The Classic airlines rewards program is a perfect example of this marketing concept. The airline offers if a customer signs up for the rewards program they will gain points which can be redeemed for free or reduced items. Although in the reading it does not state what hotel companies are partners of Classic airlines they should make sure that these hotels are name brand hotels such as Marriott or the Hilton so customers feel they are getting a premium brand (Kotler & Keller, 2006). The third marketing concept that Classic airlines applies is value and satisfaction. The concept is successful if it delivers value and satisfaction to the customer. The customer must be able to choose between different options to determine what the best value is for them. Classic does this with the rewards program. It gives customers options on what value they use once they earn a certain number of miles. This is a great marketing ploy for Classic airlines because it allows the customer to feel as they have the power in the situation and they are able to pick what option is best for their situation. All three of the above marketing concepts are used by Classic in some way through the rewards program. They are very smart because they use a combination of these concepts to create the rewards program. Classic knows that they are successful as long as the customers are happy. The rewards program allows the customer to receive benefits for staying loyal to Classic airlines(Kotler & Kelle r, 2006).

Cities On France Essays - Early Middle Ages, Prefectures In France

Cities On France Essays - Early Middle Ages, Prefectures In France Cities On France Toulose is a city in southern France, Capital of Haute -Garonne Department, on the Garonne River and the Canal du Midi. Its major Commercial , Transportation and Manufacturing center, is known for its production of aircraft and aerospace equipment. Other products are chemicals, clothing , electrical machinery, and farm implements. Places of interest in Toulose include a the largeRomanesque Basilica of saint Sernin, which contains the tomb of St. Thomas Aquinas; the Gothic Cathedral of WSaint Etienne; and the church of Notre Dame la Blanche. The city alsocontains mansions in the renaissance style; these include the Hotel Felzins, the Maison de Pierre, and the hotel d;Assezat et de Clemence -Isaure. As the Gallic city of Tolosa, the community was important long before the Roman conquest of Gaul. It became an episcopal see in the 4th century and was the capital of the Visigoths from 419 to 508, when it was captured by Clovis I, king of the Franks. It served as the seat of the Carolingian kingdom of the Aquitainebfrom 781 to 843, when the separate county of Toulose was established. The city joined the $Roman Catholic cause during the Wars of the Religion in the late 16th century, however, in 1562 some 4000 Protestants Huguenots of the city were killed. Nimes, city in southern France, capital of Gard Department, on a plain in the Cevennes Region. Its farm -trade and manufacturing center, products include: texties, clothing, processed

Does the prison exacerbate or improve the mental health of those it Essay

Does the prison exacerbate or improve the mental health of those it contains Consider with reference to contemporary data on the social backgrounds of prisoners and the inherent harms of incarceration - Essay Example Crime and criminality is as old as the history of man. The society’s way of dealing with criminals, however, has changed over the ages and varies from society to society. Crime is recognized as an integral part of the social fabric of the society. French sociologist Emile Durkheim argued that crime is normal and is necessary for society. According to Durkheim one of the benefits of crime is that it ‘establishes and clarifies the moral boundaries of a society’ (Henry & Lainer, 2001). From a historical point of view imprisonment was designed not only as a form of punishment but to separate those guilty of criminal acts from the general population. In ancient societies and in some parts of contemporary societies the guilty is locked away for life or is rewarded by death. Imprisonment, therefore, is not a new phenomenon. In ancient Egypt and as recorded in the Bible, Joseph the Hebrew slave was placed in prison by the pharaoh of the day and was ordered to work while incarcerated. Many stories are also told of prisoners in Ancient Rome and in more recent times with the persecution of Christians and other religious activists. Different methods of imprisonments have been used. In some ancient societies, for example, prisoners used to be locked up in dungeons. In modern society a considerable part of the general population is locked up in penal institutions. Worldwide there are ten million persons who are under imprisonment with the majority being in the United States, China and Russia (Maeyer, 2005). Prison reform, however, came under the microscope when the prison population increased dramatically as a result of many social changes in society. Countries enacted new bills and policies that influenced the prison system. Some of those policies fuelled the increase of the prison population. Sentencing reforms in the United States led to a great increase in the rates of incarceration (Morris & Rothman, 1998). One of the problems that contributes to the

Analysis of Business Environment for Coca-Cola Company Research Paper

Analysis of Business Environment for Coca-Cola Company - Research Paper Example The company currently estimates the average drink sales per day at about 1.8 billion with more than 500 brands by 2011, four of which are the world’s top-five sparkling brands. Coca-Cola is one of the only trademarks with the universal presence and became a billion dollar brand in 2010. It has sponsored the biggest sporting events in the world, the Olympic Games and the FIFA world cup for more than 80 years (The Coca-Cola Company, 2012, par.2). The Company has undertaken many social responsibility initiatives including the Haiti Hope Project in 2010 which aimed at developing a sustainable mango industry in Haiti. The company attributes its business success to five main factors which are unique and recognized brand , quality, marketing, global availability and ongoing innovation. This paper will explore the business environment in which Coca-Cola Company operates focusing on among other things its SWOT, competitiveness and value chain. Assessment of the General Environment The general environment consists of the external factors which affect any business. These factors are dynamic and range from Demographic, Economic, Political/legal, Socio-cultural, Technological and Global. All these affect the business of Coca-Cola Company in one way or the other, but two of the most important factors for the Coca-Cola would be the economic and technological factors. The behavior of economies of the countries in which the company transacts business has a great influence on the performance of company products in those countries. Rise in inflation and interest rates trends increases operating costs and reduces production within the industry as well as affecting demand for beverages sold in those markets. When the countries face trade deficits or surpluses, it has an impact on the exchange rate which may be favorable or unfavorable thus increasing or reducing costs of raw materials and products because of increases or decreases in the value of exports/imports. The com pany’s products in those markets are affected accordingly. Economies facing budget deficits, as opposed to surpluses, may increase taxes in order to make up for the deficits, again impacting on Coke’s business in terms of increased business costs. Increase in rates of consumption may favor the uptake of beverages sold by Coca-Cola, but increase in savings by the populace will be detrimental to the company’s business. Changes in GDP levels, as well as business cycles are additional aspects that have an influence on the industry and business in which the company operates under the economic factor. Technologically, industry as well as firm benefits and/or vulnerabilities would be associated with taking or failing to take advantage of new generational purpose technologies, research and development, converging technologies and process architectures as part of the aspects of technology. In addressing business environment, competition is a key element that always comes to mind. The five forces of competition that are employed to establish the position of the company relative to its competitors in the industry as given by Porter are potential of new entrants, bargaining power of